2. The Congress of Vienna created The German Confederation, a weak alliance headed by Austria.
B. Economic Changes Promote Unity
1. Prussia created an economic union called the Zollverein.
2. Frankfurt Assembly demanded German political unity.
II. Bismark Unites Germany
A. Master of Realpolitik
1. Power was more important than principles in the case of Realpolitik.
2. Bismark was the architect of Germa Unity but wasn't a German nationalist.
B. Strengthening the Army
1. Bismarck refused to vote for funds for the military.
2. He strengthened the army with money collected for other purposes.
C. Prussia Declares War with Denmark and Austria
1. Bismarck's first maneuver was to form an alliance in 1864 with Austria.
2. The Austro-Prussian War lasted just seven weeks and ended in a decisive Prussian victory.
3. Bismarck attempting to conquer Austria might have meant a long and risky war for Prussia.
D. France Declares War on Prussia
1. In France, Napoleon III was angry about the Prussian victory over Austria .
2. Bismarck played up the image of the French menace to spur German nationalism.
3. He furthered the crisis by rewriting and then releasing a telegram to the press that reported on a meeting between King William I and the French embassador.
4. Napoleon III was old and ill and had to surrender within a few weeks, France had to accept a humiliating peace.
III. Birth of the German Empire
1. Princes from the southern German states and the North German Confederation persuaded William I of Prussia to take the little kaiser (emperor).
2. The Bundesrat (upper house) was appointed by the rulers of the German states.
I. Taking Initial Steps Toward Unity
A. Napoleon Raids German Lands
1. Napoleon raids German-Speaking lands.
2. The Congress of Vienna created The German Confederation, a weak alliance headed by Austria.
B. Economic Changes Promote Unity
1. Prussia created an economic union called the Zollverein.
2. Frankfurt Assembly demanded German political unity.
II. Bismark Unites Germany
A. Master of Realpolitik
1. Power was more important than principles in the case of Realpolitik.
2. Bismark was the architect of Germa Unity but wasn't a German nationalist.
B. Strengthening the Army
1. Bismarck refused to vote for funds for the military.
2. He strengthened the army with money collected for other purposes.
C. Prussia Declares War with Denmark and Austria
1. Bismarck's first maneuver was to form an alliance in 1864 with Austria.
2. The Austro-Prussian War lasted just seven weeks and ended in a decisive Prussian victory.
3. Bismarck attempting to conquer Austria might have meant a long and risky war for Prussia.
D. France Declares War on Prussia
1. In France, Napoleon III was angry about the Prussian victory over Austria .
2. Bismarck played up the image of the French menace to spur German nationalism.
3. He furthered the crisis by rewriting and then releasing a telegram to the press that reported on a meeting between King William I and the French embassador.
4. Napoleon III was old and ill and had to surrender within a few weeks, France had to accept a humiliating peace.
III. Birth of the German Empire
1. Princes from the southern German states and the North German Confederation persuaded William I of Prussia to take the little kaiser (emperor).
2. The Bundesrat (upper house) was appointed by the rulers of the German states.